Environmental
Air Quality

Why It Matters to Us

Air emissions associated with our fleet, onsite equipment, and other aspects of our operations can impact local air quality. We carefully monitor our local air emissions and sources to capitalize on innovative opportunities to improve our systems and processes. We work with regulators, communities, and other stakeholders to decrease our impact and reduce local air emissions.

For information related to greenhouse gas emissions, see Operational GHG Emissions.

What We Are Doing

We monitor operational air emissions in compliance with relevant state and federal regulations. We use this data to inform the continuous improvement of our processes and procedures. Individual permits require activity and emissions data tracking and, in most cases, our historical data inventories date back to 2011. Across our operations, we continue to implement new and improved technologies that lead to more efficient processes and reduction of local air emissions.

Governance

Our environmental program is managed by our Director, Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) — who is responsible for the oversight and management of all aspects of our environmental footprint. Our environmental program is guided by the Public Policy and Corporate Responsibility (PPCR) Committee of the Board of Directors and by our management-level Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Committee. The Air Quality team, within the EHS department, is responsible for air quality permitting, compliance, and reporting. The PPCR Committee receives quarterly reports on environmental progress such as emission reports, notices of violations, and strategic initiatives directed at improving our emissions profile.

Permits and Monitoring

Prior to construction or operation at a new well site location, we may be required to obtain air quality and other operational permits. When we receive a new permit, our Operations group reviews the permit to identify all future compliance responsibilities. Permit requirements are translated into field site Job Plans that are completed in the field by operations personnel. We track emissions, obligations, limits, and other air quality requirements using dashboards and other tools within our digital work environment. The Air Quality team monitors several field indicators for operational changes that could impact our emissions profile while proactively working with Operations personnel to verify that permits are in place prior to field construction. To gain better insight into tracking, analyzing, and projecting our emissions, we built a proprietary emissions model that enables all our employees to view and export our emissions data from a centralized data repository. The emissions model allows us to both track our historical emissions and project emissions up to seven years into the future based on our current assets and production schedule.

Electrifying Our Fracturing Fleets

In alignment with our focus on decreasing completion costs and minimizing environmental impact, we have transitioned substantially all our hydraulic fracturing (frac) fleets from diesel to electric power. These electric frac fleets use onsite natural gas to power a portion of our completions operations. Electric frac fleets have eliminated approximately 20 million gallons of diesel fuel from our operations annually and several thousand water hauling truck runs from the roadways. Using onsite natural gas to power our frac fleets enables us to reduce local air emissions, decrease our carbon footprint, reduce trucks on the road, and capture proven operational efficiencies.

How We Are Doing

Audits and Reporting

We conduct inspections and audits to review compliance obligations and improve our operations. Our Corporate Audit group periodically selects internal programs or processes to audit. In reviewing findings, lessons learned can be applied to similar facilities via a Plan-Do-Check-Act cycle of continuous improvement.

Where required, we submit emissions reports and, in some cases, permit compliance certifications to applicable regulatory authorities. We submit annual emissions reports to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and we report relevant emissions to applicable states.

Inspections and Benchmarking

305-7
11.3.2
Nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and other significant air emissions
SASB EM-EP-120a.1
Air emissions of the following pollutants: (1) NOx (excluding N2O), (2) SOx, (3) volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and (4) particulate matter (PM10)
305-7
SASB EM-EP-120a.1

Our Air Quality team periodically inspects worksite locations to evaluate air quality compliance and meets with state regulators to confirm alignment with state air quality regulations. We maintain an open dialogue via a quarterly meeting with the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, Southwest Regional Office to discuss upcoming regulations, permit applications, operations improvement opportunities, and additional relevant matters. We participate in a network of industry and regulatory groups to stay abreast of emerging regulations. Our EHS department conducts internal inspections of our facilities and sites and field personnel perform periodic leak detection and repair inspections, as described in Operational GHG Emissions.

We benchmark our air emissions against our peers to identify potential improvement areas and evaluate our primary sources of internal emissions across our operating regions. We share best practices through our engagement in The Environmental Partnership and Our Nation's Energy Future (ONE Future).

We aim for 100% facility compliance with all permit requirements and emissions limitations, and we review any operational incidents and notices of violation with our personnel to identify areas of improvement. We use stack test data, manufacturers’ data, and published emissions factors to calculate our air emissions.

Significant Air Emissions[1]
 

Metric

Unit of Measure

2020

2021

2022

Production Segment Emissions

Nitrogen oxides (NOX)

kilograms

1,209,315 1,190,863 1,597,793

tons

1,333 1,313 1,761

Sulfur oxides (SO2)

kilograms

6,177 4,952 6,853

tons

7 5 7

Volatile organic compounds (VOC)

kilograms

1,204,410 1,148,169 447,537

tons

1,327  1,266 493

Hazardous air pollutants (HAP)

kilograms

120,592 86,165 37,203

tons

133 95 41 

Particulate matter (PM)

kilograms

37,052 100,525 45,544 

tons

41 111 50 

Carbon monoxide (CO)

kilograms

369,009 535,940 771,938 

tons

406 590 850 

Formaldehyde

kilograms

6,456 1,301 6,883 

tons

7 1 7

Gathering and Boosting Segment Emissions

Nitrogen oxides (NOX)

kilograms

 70,770 158,469 165,491

tons

 78 175 183

Sulfur oxides (SO2)

kilograms

239 738 1,145

tons

 <1 1 <1

Volatile organic compounds (VOC)

kilograms

 79,319 162,899 118,743

tons

 87 180 131 

Hazardous air pollutants (HAP)

kilograms

 12,283 47,814 37,064

tons

 13 53  41

Particulate matter (PM)

kilograms

3,817  10,544 4,811

tons

 4 11

Carbon monoxide (CO)

kilograms

 10,805 63,218 76,484

tons

11  70 85

Formaldehyde

kilograms

 6,872 34,836 43,886

tons

 8 38 49
Air Emissions Intensities (air emissions [tons]/gross production of hydrocarbons [BCFE])[2]

Metric

2020

2021 

2022

Production Segment Air Emissions Intensities

Nitrogen oxides (NOX)

0.69 0.60 0.86

Sulfur oxides (SO2)

<0.01 <0.01 <0.01 

Volatile organic compounds (VOC)

0.68 0.58 0.24

Hazardous air pollutants (HAP)

0.07 0.04 0.02

Particulate matter (PM)

0.02 0.05  0.02

Carbon monoxide (CO)

0.21 0.27 0.42

Formaldehyde

<0.01 <0.01  <0.01 

Gathering and Boosting Segment Air Emissions Intensities

Nitrogen oxides (NOX)

0.04  0.08  0.09

Sulfur oxides (SO2)

 <0.01 <0.01   <0.01

Volatile organic compounds (VOC)

 0.04  0.08  0.06

Hazardous air pollutants (HAP)

 0.01  0.02  0.02

Particulate matter (PM)

 <0.01  0.01  <0.01

Carbon monoxide (CO)

 0.01  0.03  0.04

Formaldehyde

 <0.01 0.02  0.02 

[1] We use the EPA’s Subpart W emission calculation methodologies for criteria pollutants. Additionally, we do not utilize continuous monitors for our air emissions, but rather begin with a representative gas analysis. The gas analysis begins at the site level. If site level data is not available, we utilize township and county gas analyses to determine the significant air emissions across our operation segments. We leverage site or equipment specific emissions factors. When estimations are used to calculate our significant air emissions, we follow the approach mentioned above; however, when estimates are not available, we base air emissions estimates on conservative operations hours.

[2] Our intensity metrics are calculated based on emissions emitted divided by gross production of hydrocarbons (billion cubic feet of natural gas equivalent). While there is no standard formula for calculating emissions intensity, we believe gross production (as opposed to net production) is the most accurate representation for calculating emissions intensity because gross production is a measure of the actual volume of hydrocarbons produced from the wells we operate.


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